Additionally, AI in target recognition systems improves the ability of these systems to identify the position of their targets. About the authors: Tejaswi Singh is a Senior Research Associate and Amit Gulhane is a Team Lead at MarketsandMarkets, a global market research firm. ... Defence Science … 10. Threat monitoring & situational awareness rely heavily on Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) operations. TIGER and MATE developed by DARPA are the successful AI algorithms for battlefield analysis. So, my question is what is the Indian Army doing to make its force even better by including AI systems that would assist soldiers in the field? Cybersecurity. While lack of physical infrastructure is certainly a major impediment, India’s AI development also suffers from the paucity of the necessary policy, which is key for advances from lab to commercial /military arena in AI. 14. Caveats: Legal and Ethical Concerns over AI 54 3.6. This is already the case in some parts of China. Thus, the effect of artificial intelligence on military power and international conflict will depend on particular applications of AI for militaries and policymakers. In war zones, AI can be integrated with Robotic Surgical Systems (RSS) and Robotic Ground Platforms (RGPs) to provide remote surgical support and evacuation activities. The results of informatization have created new challenges in the effective processing and utilization of data which in turn will enhance situational awareness and the speed of battle field decision making. It is not necessary that these policies be in line with either general international opinion or policy trends in other countries on these issues, as long as they adequately serve national interests. A comprehensive long-term vision of the strategic and military role of AI is the backbone of sustained AI research and development as well as innovation. USA & China have emerged as leaders in the field of AI and are employing comprehensive resources for development of the same in view of their commercial interest and national security. A NITRD Task Force on Artificial Intelligence was then formed to define the Federal strategic priorities for AI R&D, with particular attention on areas of national security that industry is unlikely to address. In addition, China plans to have achieve progress in the creation of laws and regulations, as well as ethical norms and policies, along with the establishment of mechanisms for AI safety assessment. In a conflict, the PLA could use swarms to cheaply target high-value U.S. weapons platforms, such as aircraft carriers. AI will eventually manifest in all dimensions of warfare. Since the locus of innovation has shifted to the private sector, the govt should facilitate to create closer public-private partnerships. AI-enabled data analysis, information processing and intelligence analysis. The goal of DARPA’s VMR program is to extract mission-relevant information, such as the who, what, where and when, from visual media captured from adversaries and to turn unstructured, ad hoc photos and video into true visual intelligence. AI can be applied for effective processing of sensor data and raw intelligence which incorporates intelligent sensing and automation of multi-sensor data fusion to enhance situational awareness. Unlike automated systems, when given the same input autonomous systems will not necessarily produce the exact same behaviour every time; rather, such systems will produce a range of behaviours. The US Navy and Army have each been conducting warfare analysis, which has led to the initiation of several sensor simulation programs. Combat simulations in terms of VR situations, can help train soldiers for a more. Defense forces from different countries across the globe are embedding AI into weapons and other systems used on land, naval, airborne, and space platforms. 8 Key Military Applications for Artificial Intelligence in 2018 1. First, the Army could develop a new job function (referred to as a military occupational specialty, MOS), expand a current job function, or create a new way to identify soldiers with the capability regardless of job function (through an Additional Skill Identifier, ASI). GOAP enables the agent to understand its available actions from its current state and determine a means to get to a goal through search. As a nation, we should formulate mission oriented long term policy for critical strategic AI technologies. Courtesy: http://www.claws.in/1878/military-applications-of-artificial-intelligence-deepak-kumar-gupta.html, Hi, very nice article. ISR operations are used to acquire and process information to support a range of military activities. The military employment of AI, though a natural derivative of AI development with immense potential and advantages, has been a ... race-for-artificial-intelligence_msharma_230218 (accessed 12 March 2018). Combat helmets with visors that analyze battle field environment or provide extra specific vision. Additionally, AI improves self-control, self-regulation, and self-actuation of combat systems due to its inherent computing and decision-making capabilities. Operations Command and Control Command and Control is considered as one of the most important functions of military operations. Artificial intelligence in government consists of applications and regulation. Concepts like Motherships of drones releasing little baby drones from the air and the sea, infantrymen and women sporting exoskeletons and wearable electronics loaded up with combat apps, and lone mission commanders directing swarms of unmanned vessels to carry out operations are already being tested at MIT’s Computer Science and AI Laboratory. It is evident that AI can be gainfully utilized to integrate C4ISR capabilities and works towards deeper fusion of systems and sensors across all domains of warfare. USA & China are currently engaged in developing military applications of AI & next section of the paper is focusing on the same. Tata Sons Chairman N Chandrasekaran to study use of artificial intelligence. There are approximately 29 thousand AI professionals in India. As the electromagnetic spectrum becomes ever more complex and contested, the introduction of AI will be critical to achieving an advantage, Tactical Applications. The development of such a comprehensive vision will help the Indian government optimise the allocation of its considerable research capabilities towards the development of specific AI capabilities that would most benefit the country. However, China’s rapid rise and future trajectory in AI could be enabled by critical systemic and structural advantages, including likely levels of funding and investment, potential human talent resources, and massive amounts of data. This advanced analysis enables military personnel to then recognize patterns and derive correlations. The second phase of funded proposals has been announced for the Defence and Security Accelerator (DASA) Intelligent Ship competition to revolutionise military decision-making, mission planning and automation.. Artificial intelligence has also competed in the Tama City mayoral elections in 2018. AI in Finance. There are many AI applications for the military, Artificial intelligence is used to collect huge amounts of visual surveillance data, such as laptop feeds, phone cameras, video surveillance, planted cameras, UAVs & satellite footage, A military may see an increase in surveillance quality due to the removal of human operator factors. Application areas of Artificial Intelligence is having a huge impact on various fields of life as expert system is widely used these days to solve the complex problems in various areas as science, engineering, business, medicine, weather forecasting. There are many different applications of artificial intelligence and new uses for the technology are developed each year as artificial intelligence programs become more sophisticated. AI, machine learning and autonomy in weapon systems 86 III. AI assisted information processing and intelligence analysis can be used for sub-conventional operations. Artificial intelligence applications are not open, and can put privacy at risk. Compared with conventional systems, military systems equipped with AI are capable of handling larger volumes of data more efficiently. We have institute giving coaching to students who wants to start their career in defence. https://www.rand.org/blog/2017/09/artificial-intelligence-and-the-military.html AI provides disproportionate advantage to otherwise .technologically disadvantaged enemy as a disruptive technique. Tactical AI analyzes the battlefield and acts on that information by creating a set of coherent orders (commonly known as a Course of Action or COA) that exploit the weaknesses in enemy’s position that were found during battlefield analysis. An analysis by MarketsandMarkets indicates that the market size of artificial intelligence in military is expected to reach USD 18.82 billion by 2025, at a CAGR of 14.75% from 2017 to 2025. The DARPA Virtual Machine Reality( VMR) system aids intelligence analysts in searching, filtering, and exploring visual media through the use of advanced computer vision and reasoning techniques. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are increasingly used to assist in these tasks, as the amount of sensor data increases while there are fewer analysts and camera operators available. The PLA aspires not only to equal but also to surpass the U.S. military by seizing the initiative in the course of the ongoing Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) that is being catalyzed by today’s advances in emerging technologies. Book Excerpts - 1962 War: Reflections of the Past. This preliminary technology is designed to use machine learning techniques to process patients’ electronic medical records and automatically identify and rank their most critical health problems. China’s core AI industry should have surpassed 400 billion RMB (about $59 billion), with AI-related fields exceeding 5 trillion RMB (about $740 billion). http://www.claws.in/1878/military-applications-of-artificial-intelligence-deepak-kumar-gupta.html, Military Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces awards Rosoboronexport with Certificate of Honor, INS Kavaratti: A Versatile Anti-Submarine Warfare Platform, Thales Partnering with the Indian Air Force for a better tomorrow, today, NAVAL GROUP: A partner for all naval needs, Indian Navy conducts Naval Exercise JIMEX 20 with Japan, Tata Lockheed Martin Aerostructures Ltd Names Kiran Dambala Chief Operating Officer, Boeing delivered 22 AH-64E Apache and 15 CH-47F(I) Chinook military helicopters to IAF, Russian Helicopters signs an events roadmap for Ka-226T localization in India, 1971 War: The First Missile Attack on Karachi, Time to Award Bharat Ratna to Sam Manekshaw. Military … ... decision-making, and translation between languages An area of computer science that deals with machines ability to seem like they have human intelligence The power of a machine to copy intelligent human … It also enables military fleets to easily detect anomalies and quickly predict component failures. The term “AI” is used so often nowadays that we have a basic understanding of what it means: a computer’s ability to perform tasks such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation. The views expressed are of the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions or policies of the Indian Defence Review. Computer vision is often considered to be part of information engineering. By this time, China hopes to have achieved important progress in next generation AI technologies, including big data, swarm intelligence, hybrid enhanced intelligence, and autonomous intelligent systems. By then, China intends to become a leading player in research and development, while widely using AI in fields ranging from manufacturing to medicine to national defense. Artificial Intelligence for Military Logistics – Current Applications Logistics in the military encompasses more functions than most people realize. 5 “New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Planning Notice No. Artificial Intelligence applications are playing major role in Engineering Drawings & Camical analysis to design expert drawings and Camical synthesis. His last appointment in the Indian Army was as Commandant of Military College of Telecommunication Engineering, Mhow. Pursuing international dialogue, in ways that borrow from the Cold War CBM toolkit, may help speed the learning process about the implications of military applications of AI in ways that reduce the risk that states’ uncertainty about changes in military technology undermine international security and stability. The authors survey the kinds of technologies broadly classified as AI, consider their potential benefits in military applications, and assess the ethical, operational, and strategic risks that these technologies entail. CAIR lists artificial neural networks, computer vision, and situational awareness as its areas of primary focus, mentioning two other products that are under development for network-centric operations and decision making using a vast knowledge base of battlefield tactics data. The US is investing increasingly in the simulation & training applications. In modern warfare, that means large quantities of data to sift through in order to make decisions regarding supply, transport, communications, and so on. Few tactical applications of AI are as under:-. Military applications of artificial intelligence: Nuclear risk redux 84 I. AI and machine learning 84 II. AI can assist in culling and aggregating information from different datasets, as well as acquire and sum supersets of information from various sources. China’s recent advances in Swarm Intelligence—which involves autonomous cooperative behavior among masses of distributed robots—have been on prominent display in official media. application for problem solving in varied fields, was launched in 2013. Summing up – The AI Tipping Point 55 AI is a high-level priority within China’s national agenda for military-civil fusion and this strategic approach could enable the PLA to take full advantage of private sector progress in AI to enhance its military capabilities. CAIR also lists civilian applications such as experimental robots, including a machine that can play chess by leveraging an AI-based decision engine. Warfare Platforms. For instance, the US Department of Defense’s (DoD) Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is financing the development of a robotic submarine system, which is expected to be employed in applications ranging from detection of underwater mines to engagement in anti-submarine operations. For global forecasts and more in-depth information on AI technology and the military, download related reports by MarketsandMarkets. Artificial Intelligence is also being used for NASA’s next rover mission to Mars, the Mars 2020 Rover. The main application of military imaging systems is situational awareness: knowing who and what is in the vicinity and gaining an understanding of their behavior. Our goal is to help you better understand your customer, market, and competition in order to help drive your business growth. APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED SIMULATIONS FOR MILITARY LOGISTICS SUPPLY NETWORK DECISION MAKING STO-MP-AVT-177 10 - 3 such as a fuel needed to perform a vehicle routing operation. At that point, the value of China’s core AI industry is targeted to exceed 150 billion RMB (over $22 billion) in value, with AI-related fields valued at 1 trillion RMB (nearly $148 billion). There is no one commonly decided definition, even among computer scientists and engineers, but a general definition of AI is the capability of a machine to perform tasks that normally require human intellect, such as visual perception, speech recognition and decision-making. Artificial Intelligence Industry in India is currently estimated to be $180 Million annually in revenues. Additionally, the US DoD overall spent USD 7.4 billion on artificial intelligence, Big Data, and cloud in the fiscal year 2017, while China is betting on AI to enhance its defense capabilities and is expected to become the world leader in this field by 2030. China. AI-Enabled Data Fusion, Information Processing, and Intelligence Analysis. Computational Military Reasoning (Tactical Artificial Intelligence). AI, machine learning and nuclear risk 88 IV. Equipping these systems with AI assists defense personnel in threat monitoring, thereby enhancing their situational awareness. An automated system is one in which a computer reasons by a clear if–then–else, rule-based structure, and does so deterministically, meaning that for each input the system output will always be the same (unless if something fails). Next, by 2025, China plans to achieve major breakthroughs in AI to reach a leading level, with AI becoming a primary driver for China’s industrial advances and economic transformation. 3.1. Markets amidst the Artificial Intelligence ‘Insights Revolution’ 47 3.3. How will it make a difference in a real war scenario? Beyond current initiatives, the govt should expand efforts to evaluate the range of short, medium, and long-term applications of AI in warfare. The vision must cover the various strategic facets of AI, including autonomous weapons and the role of AI in cyber-defence, and formulate distinctive policies for each of them. Recently, the US Army collaborated with IBM to use its Watson artificial intelligence platform to help pre-identify maintenance problems in Stryker combat vehicles. Artificial intelligence (AI) also known as machine intelligence (MI) is intellect displayed by computer system (or machine), in contrast with the natural intelligence (NI) displayed by humans and other animals. Few areas of military AI application are listed in succeeding paragraphs. The fidelity of the world model and the timeliness of its updates are the keys to an effective autonomous system. Analyzing situation of Missiles fired, akin to satellite defense grid systems to shoot down the correct missile. 2 Chinese military strategists anticipate a transformation in the form and character of conflict, which is seen as evolving from today’s … Some of the military functions where AI techniques are being used or have potential use are given below. is the 57th Colonel Commandant of the Corps of Signals. Many international labs have successfully demonstrated the hypothesis that an unsupervised machine learning program could also learn this skill and perform battlefield analysis that was statistically indistinguishable from analyses performed by Subject Matter Experts (SMEs). To better understand the nuances of AI, it is important first to understand the difference between an automated and an autonomous system. Information engineering. Creation of working group. In the last few decades, one of the largest sources of funding for AI research came from the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA), which is agency of the Department of Defense of the United States of America responsible for the development of new technologies for use by the military. ... Of … Today, militaries around the world, from those of great powers to smaller states, are exploring how they can take advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) applications. The US military has been funding, testing and deploying various shades of machine intelligence for a long time. Development of Human resource. AI techniques are being developed to enhance the accuracy of target recognition in complex combat environments. Key trends of AI commercial infrastructure are as under:-. This means that the world must be perceived (or sensed through cameras, microphones and/or tactile sensors) and then reconstructed in such a way that the computer ‘brain’ has an effective and updated model of the world it is in before it can make decisions. Unmanned systems used to carry out ISR missions can either be remotely operated or sent on a pre-defined route. Artificial Intelligence Applications: Autonomous Vehicles These techniques allow defense forces to gain an in-depth understanding of potential operation areas by analyzing reports, documents, news feeds, and other forms of unstructured information. The military applications of Artificial Intelligence are spread over large areas of military functions. The Chinese leadership is advancing an “innovation-driven” strategy for civilian and military development, aiming to become the world’s “premier innovation center” in AI by 2030.Certainly, a range of challenges, including serious shortcomings in human capital, may inhibit progress, and China presently continues to lag behind the United States in cutting-edge research and development. Under difficult conditions, systems equipped with AI can mine soldiers’ medical records and assist in complex diagnosis. Lieutenant General (Dr) Ravindra Singh Panwar, AVSM, SM, VSM (retd.) This type of weapon systems can utilizes AI to automatically pursue, distinguish, and destroy enemy targets and often composed of information collection and management systems, knowledge base systems, assistance to decision systems, mission implementation systems, etc. Computational military reasoning is a computer solving human-level military problem and concentrates on tactical artificial intelligence or battlefield decisions. In contrast to USD’s MS in Applied Data Science — which focuses on gaining insights from data using data analysis, visualization, and prediction while a human is usually involved in the process — the applied artificial intelligence master’s degree program focuses on autonomous decision making and action execution by agents with broad-ranging applications such as robotics, … R S Panwar. Artificial intelligence is frequently used by the military and in aviation and robotics. You give us really a good knowledge. Mine sweeping drone bots that can use feature maps to analyze and identify mines, to deactivate them or carry them away. This Subcommittee, on June 15, 2016, directed the Subcommittee on Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) to create a National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan. The US in particular is involved in the development of RSS, RGPs, and various other systems for battlefield healthcare. Given the complexity involved in application of AI in both military and civilian spheres, a working definition of AI is required. AI is expected to play a crucial role in military logistics and transport. For example, DARPA’s Target Recognition and Adaption in Contested Environments (TRACE) program uses machine learning techniques to automatically locate and identify targets with the help of Synthetic-Aperture Radar (SAR) images. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) – also known as drones – with integrated AI can patrol border areas, identify potential threats, and transmit information about these threats to response teams. Artificial intelligence paired with facial recognition systems may be used for mass surveillance. An autonomous system is one that reasons probabilistically given a set of inputs, meaning that it makes guesses about best possible courses of action given sensor data input. AI is also expected to empower autonomous and high-speed weapons to carry out collaborative attacks. The US Navy has enlisted such companies such as Leidos, SAIC, AECOM, and Orbital ATK to support their programs, while the US Army’s programs are supported by firms including SAIC, CACI, Torch Technologies, and Millennium Engineering. AI can be gainfully employed to enhance future capabilities in following areas:-. The rover is responsible for autonomous targeting of cameras in order to perform investigations on Mars. The Timing of AI Development: Future Scenarios 50 3.4. On May 3, 2016 the US Administration announced the formation of a new National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) NSTC Subcommittee on Machine Learning and Artificial intelligence, to help coordinate Federal activity in AI. AI applications in cyber domain can be used by non state actors. Here are eight major military applications where AI will prove its importance in the years to come. By 2020, China’s overall progress in technology and applications of AI are expected to keep pace with the world’s advanced level, while its AI industry becomes an important economic growth point. Integrating AI with military transportation can lower transportation costs and reduce human operational efforts. § Neural Architecture:- People or more intelligent than Computers,. USA – US Government is spending billions of dollars preparing for the next stage in warfare that it believes will be defined by advances in AI. Also introduction of deep learning algorithms into the analysis process for satellite imagery could greatly enhance the rapidity of processing. Having familiarised with areas of military application of AI, details of progress made by India in the field of AI. Software vulnerability analysis can be based on AI “fuzzing” technique that could be used in penetration testing for offensive or defensive purposes and Intrusion detection and prevention methods can be addressed by deep neural networks. Every autonomous system that interacts in a dynamic environment must construct a world model and continually update that model. AI can be used in the development of Intelligent and Autonomous Weapons Systems, including unmanned aerial, surface and underwater vehicles, as well as military robotics and cruise missiles. The Defense Science … Insurgency as a Spoiler: South Asian Context. The said application of AI can be gainfully utilized for terrain analysis, war gaming and tactical training. Intelligent support to command decision-making. Military systems are often vulnerable to cyber attacks, which can lead to loss of classified military information and damage to military systems. Instead, artificial intelligence, from a military perspective, is an enabler, much like electricity and the combustion engine. Talented young generation needs to be targeted to transform the same into a potent force and remuneration should be attractive enough to render long term service. Disruptors & Wild Cards 52 3.5. Please visit. Computational military reasoning is a computer solving human-level military problem and concentrates on tactical artificial intelligence or battlefield decisions. The Department of Defence Production on Friday constituted a task force headed by Tata Sons Chairman N Chandrasekaran to study use of artificial intelligence, which it said has potential to provide military superiority apart from driving technology-driven economic growth. Solid ... Military. The effective transportation of goods, ammunition, armaments, and troops is an essential component of successful military operations. Humans make quick use of all the data aroun… Using UAVs can thus strengthen the security of military bases, as well as increase the safety and efficacy of military personnel in battle or at remote locations. AI can employed in development of Cognitive radio with dynamic spectrum management to enhance communications, while pursuing offensive capabilities in cognitive electronic warfare through the application of machine learning to learn and rapidly devise countermeasures for adversary systems. Quantification of growth for any country is directly related to its economic and … Few areas of military AI application are listed in succeeding paragraphs. 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